Colossians 2:16-23 Dealing with Being Judged

16 Therefore let no one pass judgement on you in questions of food and drink, or with regard to a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath. 17 These are a shadow of the things to come, but the substance belongs to Christ. 18 Let no one disqualify you, insisting on asceticism and worship of angels, going on in detail about visions, puffed up without reason by his sensuous mind, 19 and not holding fast to the Head, from whom the whole body, nourished and knit together through its joints and ligaments, grows with a growth that is from God.

20 If with Christ you died to the elemental spirits of the world, why, as if you were still alive in the world, do you submit to regulations— 21 “Do not handle, Do not taste, Do not touch” 22 (referring to things that all perish as they are used)—according to human precepts and teachings? 23 These have indeed an appearance of wisdom in promoting self-made religion and asceticism and severity to the body, but they are of no value in stopping the indulgence of the flesh.

Dealing with Being Judged

The Colossians were being judged from the outside.  There are two ways people judge each other.  The first is to evaluate actions to decide whether they are good or bad.  The second looks at a person’s actions and then condemns the whole person as inferior or unworthy.  Paul encourages evaluating actions.  In fact he evaluates, or judges, the judgement.  He repeatedly steers people away from condemning each other, though.  Such actions damage people.

At the time of his writing, people in the churches were judging each other by how well they kept the law.  Although these people had adapted to their environment, the details in the passage point to their Jewish cultural context.  Jewish people were saying that behaviours get you into heaven, not relationship with Jesus. Once more, Paul pulls his readers back to the supremacy of Christ.  Keeping laws does not lead to a vibrant relationship, but a vibrant relationship leads to keeping laws.

Those who work hard to show themselves worthy of God and to avoid criticism carry a heavy burden.  Rather than realise how much they are screwing up their own lives, they frequently take to policing others.  The churches that they occupy become places where it is imperative to take the hurtful and condemning focus off of oneself and find ways to refocus on others.  I have had experience in such churches.  One of them was quite charismatic and the rules and regulations were about how much one spoke in tongues, received a word from the Lord, or spoke prophecy.  Although everything on the surface was happy-go-lucky, there was a vicious spirit of gossip and criticism in the church.  Those who tried to address it themselves became the object of scorn.  There was one point when the pastor’s son’s car smashed into a house and I was blamed for it.  The irony of it was that I was in another continent at the time.  The fact was that my face didn’t fit.  I didn’t play by their man-made rules.  Most tragically, somehow Jesus was lost in the busyness of speaking in tongues, being slain in the Spirit, and gaining words of knowledge.

I know that I too have condemned myself for not being a better Christian.  I have judged those who performed sins that I have reasoned were unthinkable for a Christian.  Some of those sins I have gone on to perform myself.  The end to this cycle is to focus on Jesus.  He accepts us as we are and doesn’t leave us that way.  He creates a warm place of welcome where we can safely aspire to be our better selves.  It is not because we have to.  It is because we can.

Prayer

Lord of heaven and earth.  You have wrapped your arms around us and welcomed us into your family.  Jesus has loved us and bought us.  He holds us still.  Help us not to play games with obedience.  Help us to accept each other without condition.  Help us to lead each other onward because we want to move toward your Son.  Help us not to stand still and condemn those who struggle and suffer.

Questions

  1. On what counts were outsiders judging the Colossians?
  2. How did Paul advise the Colossians to respond to the criticism?
  3. What beliefs do you think defined those who were critical of the church in Colossae?
  4. How are Christians condemned today by those watching the faith from outside (see unChristian)?
  5. How can Christians respond well to those who condemn Christians for having harmful beliefs?

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17 Comments

Colossians 2:6-15 Legalism and Its Opposite

Legalism In The Bible

Therefore, as you received Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk in him, rooted and built up in him and established in the faith, just as you were taught, abounding in thanksgiving.

See to it that no one takes you captive by philosophy and empty deceit, according to human tradition, according to the elemental spirits of the world, and not according to Christ. For in him the whole fullness of deity dwells bodily, 10 and you have been filled in him, who is the head of all rule and authority. 11 In him also you were circumcised with a circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, 12 having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead. 13 And you, who were dead in your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh, God made alive together with him, having forgiven us all our trespasses, 14 by cancelling the record of debt that stood against us with its legal demands. This he set aside, nailing it to the cross. 15 He disarmed the rulers and authorities and put them to open shame, by triumphing over them in him.

Legalism and Its Opposite

This is the passage that covers the ‘philosophy’ which the Colossians were facing.  It is definitely influenced by Judaism and may even be a legalistic form of Judaism.  There are those who thought of this philosophy as a Gnostic cult of the day, but the New Moon Festivals and religious rites are central to Judaism.  In the book of Acts we read about people traveling from town to town to undo the evangelism that was done by Paul. The most enthusiastic members of this group was the Jewish people who thought that their faith was being compromised.

The outside influencers are probably trying to persuade the church that because they have not been circumcised and officially entered Judaism, they are not right before God.  This was not the case.  Ritual purity was meant to be a mark that an internal change had happened.  However, Jesus starts from the inside and changes a person in sincerity.  The legal demands have been met by Jesus and he has cancelled our debts.  All has been taken care of and his followers are pure.  They are not pure because they have followed the ritual laws of the Old Testament.  They are pure because the one who stood in their place is purity incarnate.

It is therefore an insult to this sacrifice that many of us try and prove ourselves worthy of this sacrifice.  We can prove no such thing.  All our efforts to justify ourselves after the fact are as fruitless as the efforts of the unsaved to earn their salvation.  Many of my students were saved by grace, but they live like they are not kept by grace.  Somehow they are kept in good-standing with God because of their hard work.  This is not the gospel.

The gospel is centered around the cross of Christ and his empty tomb.  We still live in the freedom that the cross purchased for us.  We perform good works because it is the outworking of being in Christ.  We pursue the one we love.  We do not fear his rejection.  Rejection is impossible for the bride of Christ to experience.  We nestle into his chest and we breathe deeply.  We do not need to worry or stress.  We are always at home.

Prayer

Oh God.  We love your chosen people, the Jewish people, but let us not go back to the rules and regulations.  Let us not think that our behaviours trigger a deeper relationship.  Be close to us and let us know you.  May we nestle in your chest and smell the fragrance of your nearness.  May we feel your embrace when we are discouraged.  Let us rest in your arms and remember that life does not depend on us.  Live our new life in us and let the lies of self-loathing recede and wash away.

Question

  1. What words describe the philosophy that challenges the Colossian church?
  2. How is Jesus described in light of this philosophy?
  3. What do you think the philosophy might have been?
  4. How would you describe the legalism that saps the joy of so many Christ-followers?
  5. How is today’s legalism best challenged?
17 Comments

Colossians 1:21-2:5 Mystery

21 And you, who once were alienated and hostile in mind, doing evil deeds, 22 he has now reconciled in his body of flesh by his death, in order to present you holy and blameless and above reproach before him, 23 if indeed you continue in the faith, stable and steadfast, not shifting from the hope of the gospel that you heard, which has been proclaimed in all creation under heaven, and of which I, Paul, became a minister.

24 Now I rejoice in my sufferings for your sake, and in my flesh I am filling up what is lacking in Christ’s afflictions for the sake of his body, that is, the church, 25 of which I became a minister according to the stewardship from God that was given to me for you, to make the word of God fully known, 26 the mystery hidden for ages and generations but now revealed to his saints. 27 To them God chose to make known how great among the Gentiles are the riches of the glory of this mystery, which is Christ in you, the hope of glory. 28 Him we proclaim, warning everyone and teaching everyone with all wisdom, that we may present everyone mature in Christ. 29 For this I toil, struggling with all his energy that he powerfully works within me.

For I want you to know how great a struggle I have for you and for those at Laodicea and for all who have not seen me face to face, that their hearts may be encouraged, being knit together in love, to reach all the riches of full assurance of understanding and the knowledge of God’s mystery, which is Christ, in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge. I say this in order that no one may delude you with plausible arguments. Forthough I am absent in body, yet I am with you in spirit, rejoicing to see yourgood order and the firmness of your faith in Christ.

Mystery

There is a word locked away in the center of the two paragraphs above.  It is the word mystery.  God has revealed to us a mystery that we would not have known without divine revelation.  The mystery is Jesus.  Unlike the mystery cults of the day, no-one needs to go through initiation rites and be sworn to secrecy.  No special qualifications are needed to receive and understand the mystery.

Paul’s struggles and his suffering make sense in light of the great mystery.  The trials of this life make sense when we see the trials and the struggles that Jesus had as he suffered and died in our place.  It is left for us to continue in the same way that Jesus lived.  As he suffered, so we will suffer.  However, as he was glorified so we experience glory.

Prayer

Thank you that we have received a mystery which was hidden for thousands of years.  Although there were signs that the Messiah would come, we now see clearly that prophesy was fulfilled in his death and resurrection.  Help us to follow Jesus with the same passion as Paul.  Help us to dig deeper into the mystery you have revealed.

Questions

  1. Can you explain how the word mystery sits in the center of the two paragraphs which start at v. 24?
  2. How does Paul connect his struggles with those of Jesus?
  3. How does Paul struggle and suffer?
  4. How do you struggle and suffer?
  5. How do you respond to the idea that God revealed a mystery when Jesus was revealed?
18 Comments

Colossians 1:15-20 Christ as Lord of Creation

15 He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation. 16 For by him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities—all things were created through him and for him. 17 And he is before all things, and in him all things hold together. 18 And he is the head of the body, the church. He is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in everything he might be pre-eminent. 19 For in him all the fullness of God was pleased to dwell, 20 and through him to reconcile to himself all things, whether on earth or in heaven,making peace by the blood of his cross.

Christ as Lord of Creation

Some people think that this section of Colossians is an ancient hymn that was sung by the early church.  However, it is more probable that it is a poetic piece written by Paul to connect Christ with creation and the ancient concept of Wisdom.

The words at the beginning of Genesis, “In the beginning … ” has two components in Hebrew.  The first component, which we translate, ‘In …’ can be translated as by, in, or through.  Paul shows the supremacy of Christ by using all the possible meanings to talk about Jesus.  ‘The beginning’, the second component, can be translated as head, or beginning.  Paul shows how Jewish thinkers would use a word and mean all of its meanings rather than just one.  Jesus, as the Wisdom of God in creation, transcends all of reality.  This person exists within the system, but also predates the system.  It is not that Jesus was created first, but that the system he sustains is the one that he has created.

There are so many levels to think about this.  Those who want to limit Jesus to a man who walked two thousand years ago, and no more, try and discredit Paul.  They say that Jesus, the man, walked the Earth, but Paul invented the cosmic Christ.  However, the gospels point toward the developed theology of Paul so that the thoughts Paul communicates are seamless conclusions to gospel thinking.  Jesus, then, as he claimed, is more than a man.  He is a person, but he transcends any other person.  All of creation, including angels, are subject to him.  No aspect of creation can be fully understood without understanding Jesus.

This last point reaches into our education system and challenges our secularism.  If all of the universe speaks of Jesus, we have learned to ignore that fact.  If Jesus is the source and the sustainer of all reality, he is the source and sustainer of all truth.  No curriculum that is silent about Jesus is complete.  Can the complexities of Jesus’ connection to the curriculum ever be exhausted?  No.  There are infinite understandings that we have yet to uncover.  Yet mankind, in his rebellion, thinks that he is intelligent because controversy has been eliminated by excluding religion from learning in many cases.  This passage leaves such a perspective as the perspective of fools.  The fool says in his heart there is no God.  In our day and age fools rule the nations, and the people have become proud that they have left God out of the cosmos.  They are blind and they boast that they can not see.  I advocate what Duane Litfin calls the Christocentric unity of all truth.  We put Christ back into his creation.  Not as an addition or some kind of fraction, but as its whole – as its entirety.  In fact, we ‘do’ nothing.  We just proclaim what ‘is’.  In so doing we bring the people back to truth.

Prayer

Lord Jesus, you transcend all mankind and angelic beings because you are God.  You reflect the reality of divine glory because it is the essence of who you are.  You are the wisdom behind all mysteries, and you are the answer to all of our prayers.  All creation speaks your name and the Scriptures point to you.  You are a man and so much more.  You are the sacrifice that reconciles creation with its divine purposes.  May we keep you in your right place of preeminence.  May we remember you more as we walk in your world.  May we be mindful of you as we go about our lives.  You are the life-giver and in worship we give our lives back to you.

Aliens, Angels, and the Cosmos | Strange Notions

Questions

  1. What was created by Jesus?
  2. Which words show the magnificence of Jesus?
  3. Why would Paul need his hearers to know the nature of who Jesus is?
  4. How does Paul’s description of Jesus affect how we should educate?
  5. How can you think of Jesus more like Paul’s example?
17 Comments

Colossians 1:9-14 Three Things to Pray

And so, from the day we heard, we have not ceased to pray for you, asking that you may be filled with the knowledge of his will in all spiritual wisdom and understanding, 10 so as to walk in a manner worthy of the Lord, fully pleasing to him, bearing fruit in every good work and increasing in the knowledge of God. 11 May you be strengthened with all power, according to his glorious might, for all endurance and patience with joy, 12 giving thanks to the Father, who has qualified you to share in the inheritance of the saints in light. 13 He has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son, 14 in whom we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins.

Three Things to Pray

As Kelli and I drove in the car this morning on too short a night’s sleep, I read this passage and the commentary on it out loud to her.  She exclaimed that it is one of her most favourite passages in the Bible.  I must admit I was in no mood for sarcasm.  I didn’t even get why what she said was funny.  Then she insisted that she was serious.  There is a lot in there, she told me.  She even said that in the upcoming Family Retreat at Lake Geneva Youth Camp, I should teach through just this passage and not the whole book as I had planned.

Paul prays the essentials for the Christians of Colossians.  For them, he wants knowledge, patience, and thanksgiving.

Knowledge.  The role of knowledge is understated in 21st century American Christianity.  In fact I was Skyping with Australia this morning and I was struck that it is the same in Australia and the United Kingdom.  We want a faith that is free from hard work.  We insist that the faith is a relationship with God, but we want to keep it shallow.  If you go deep with anyone you know more about them.  God has revealed sixty-six books of the Bible with varying levels of complexity.  Many young Christians get bored with the shallow, and lifeless way we moralise and flatten the character of scripture.  We are to spend a lifetime plunging into the depths of God’s self revelation.  There is no end of our quest for knowledge.

Patience.  In the commentary I read the following paragraph from Nouwen was written:

The word patience means the willingness to stay where we are and live the situation out to the full in the belief that something hidden there will manifest itself to us.  Impatient people are always expecting the real thing to happen somewhere else and therefore want to go elsewhere.  The moment is empty.  But patient people dare to stay where they are.

Thanksgiving.  Gratitude is commanded as a discipline for the Christian.  Nouwen is once more quoted in my commentary:

Gratitude in its deepest sense means to live life as a gift to be received gratefully.  But gratitude as the gospel speaks about it embraces all of life:  the good and the bad, the joyful and the painful, the holy and not so holy.

Prayer

Father, like Paul, may I pray continuously and specifically for others.  May I desire for them knowledge, patience and thanksgiving.  Like the Colossians, may I live out a life of knowledge, patience, and thanksgiving.  May my gratitude stem from a deep understanding of you and also of my place in the world.  I am loved and accepted and I am equipped and useful.  Thank you.

Questions

  1. How is Paul’s discipline of prayer described?
  2. How is the knowledge for which Paul prays described?
  3. Why should the Colossians give thanks to the Father?
  4. How do you pray for your church and other Christians?
  5. How are you doing in the areas of knowledge, patience, and gratitude?
17 Comments

Colossians 1:1-8 Sent

Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Timothy our brother,

To the saints and faithful brothers in Christ at Colossae:

Grace to you and peace from God our Father.

We always thank God, the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, when we pray for you, since we heard of your faith in Christ Jesus and of the love that you have for all the saints, because of the hope laid up for you in heaven. Of this you have heard before in the word of the truth, the gospel, which has come to you, as indeed in the whole world it is bearing fruit and growing—as it also does among you, since the day you heard it and understood the grace of God in truth, just as you learned it from Epaphras our beloved fellow servant. He is a faithful minister of Christ on your behalf and has made known to us your love in the Spirit.

Paul does not lord it over the Colossians by calling himself an apostle.  He is just simply stating the mission of his life.  An apostle is a sent one and Paul has been sent out to make the world a better place.  He is to tell the world that the awaited saviour has come and that grace and peace can be known.

Writers of the time opened their letters with ‘greetings’ but Paul slightly modifies the Greek word to change it to grace.  He also adds ‘peace’ to the mix, which is the usual Jewish greeting.  What would follow in a normal letter of the age would be an appeal to the gods that they rain blessings on the recipient.  Paul uses this convention but adapts it to the Christian faith by writing prayers that are tailored to his audience.  He sincerely wants God’s grace, peace, hope, love and joy to flourish among God’s people in Colossae.  These should be the markers of a Christian community.

Can it be said of us that we are sincere in wishing grace, peace, hope love and joy for others?  Do we see ourselves, like Paul, as those who have been sent to intercede for others?  Are we dedicated to making the world a better place by bringing God’s good news?

I want to have a concern like Paul for God’s people.  I sincerely want my students, my church, and my family to know God’s grace and peace.  These are turbulent times with many changes.  I wish for us all to have a security and an assurance that comes from a relationship with an unchanging and eternal God.

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Prayer

Father, let us see ourselves as those who are sent.  Let us see ourselves as vessels for your grace, peace, love, hope and joy.  May we intercede for your churches in Syria and Sudan that are faithful in the face of much persecution.  May we long for all people to know you.  May your name be glorified.  Amen.

Questions

  1. How does Paul title himself?
  2. What does he pray for the Colossians?
  3. What does Paul’s title mean?
  4. How are you like Paul and yet also different?
  5. What is your prayer for Christ’s church?
16 Comments

Reestablishing Reading the Bible Daily Regularly

I must admit that I bit off a little more than I could chew in the summer.  My usual habit of reading a Bible passage, reading a commentary on the passage and then posting a few reflections was replaced by something more ambitious.  When I woke I tried to get to a passage and write a draft of a Bible study for the college staff at Lake Geneva Youth Camp (LGYC).  However, it seemed that there was always a change to the schedule.  I had to cover some appointment with the doctor;  the children had to be at a sport camp;  my wife needed time to write.  I actually ended up reading the Bible less than usual, even when I had ambitions to do more thorough and personal study.

However, my semester time has more routine.  I am back to work and I have had to drive in to the city.  My wife and I were up at 4 and in work by 6:30 to avoid the traffic.  I read the introduction to Colossians from a commentary and then read the book through one and a half times.  I am preparing for speaking at Family Camp at LGYC, but I am also taking the first step back into regular devotions.

All studies of spiritual growth and formation show that those who are growing spiritually have one factor in common – they read their Bible daily.  I feel better today.  It is not because I have read the Bible and that proves that I am a good boy.  It is because reading the Bible is time spent with the reason that I am alive.  My wife is great.  I love her.  My children are precious to me.  However, the person of primary importance is Jesus.  Reading my Bible each day centers the day around him.  I am hearing from him and he has my attention.

Debates on the authorship of Colossians and where exactly Colossae is located are interesting, but perhaps the most important thing I learned today was the theme verses.  It is particularly essential in the light of a new semester:

Therefore, as you received Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk in him, rooted and built up in him and established in the faith, just as you were taught, abounding in thanksgiving. (Colossians 2:6,7)

Bethel Bible Church - Colossians

I hope that those of you who share a Christian faith will look to Jesus to establish you this Fall.  May we practice spiritual disciplines, not so we achieve holiness for its own sake.  May we achieve more holiness because we fix our eyes upon Jesus and walk toward him.  May we be conformed to his likeness.  May we be like him.  In this way we bring him glory and we live the lives we were designed to live.  I want that kind of life.

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Evaluate Your Emotions

They are tricky. And they can be trouble. Often, they spring up from our triggered trauma. For example, let’s say (hypothetically) your husband says something about your blog. He might mean it innocently, even positively. But (hypothetically) you hear it differently. And you immediately feel threatened, defensive, hurt. All of your (hypothetical) insecurity swells to the surface in an instant. You can go with it. Milk it. Act on it. Hurt him back. Or you can do the better thing and take it back to truth. (Kelli Worrall)

Jonah looks angrily at the dead bottle-gourd plant

I have just come from a workshop that talked a lot about the emotions of our students.  Resilience was mentioned in a few of the presentations.  Millennials are being assessed as having less resilience than their forbears.  The reasons that some are putting forward is that we are trying to protect this current generation from feeling bad.  We try and maintain a ‘rainbow unicorn’ world, one presenter said.  If anyone brings truth which questions, creates discomfort, or discord, we shut it down with aggression.  When trauma is triggered, rather than deal with the trauma we reject the person who revealed the disquiet, discomfort, or pain.  The pain becomes suppressed again and we go back to living in unreality.  We have frail people because we have a frail grasp on reality.  We inflate positive feelings and we ignore the negative.  That may work for a while, but as we age the accumulation of emotion which we have denied over the years begins to scream for attention.  I agree with my wife, Kelli, that we fail to evaluate our emotions at our peril.

Some biblical characters, like King Saul, had emotional outbursts which showed their heart was ruined.  Others, like Elijah, had God come close and help them to evaluate the meaning of their own emotions.  Jonah’s emotional state throughout the book bearing his name is an interesting study.  What do the emotions in Bible passages reveal about the work of God or the condition of a character’s heart?  In the same way that sleuthing the emotional trail in a story reveals a deeper understanding, so evaluating our own emotional lives will reveal the truth of the condition of our own hearts.

If you read the story of Jonah, you will see the that story builds to an emotional climax in chapter 4.  In chapter 4 we read:

But to Jonah this seemed very wrong, and he became angry. He prayed to theLord, “Isn’t this what I said, Lord, when I was still at home? That is what I tried to forestall by fleeing to Tarshish. I knew that you are a gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger and abounding in love, a God who relents from sending calamity.Now, Lord, take away my life, for it is better for me to die than to live.”

But the Lord replied, “Is it right for you to be angry?”

Jonah had gone out and sat down at a place east of the city. There he made himself a shelter, sat in its shade and waited to see what would happen to the city. Then theLord God provided a leafy plant[a] and made it grow up over Jonah to give shade for his head to ease his discomfort, and Jonah was very happy about the plant. But at dawn the next day God provided a worm, which chewed the plant so that it withered.When the sun rose, God provided a scorching east wind, and the sun blazed on Jonah’s head so that he grew faint. He wanted to die, and said, “It would be better for me to die than to live.”

But God said to Jonah, “Is it right for you to be angry about the plant?”

“It is,” he said. “And I’m so angry I wish I were dead.”

10 But the Lord said, “You have been concerned about this plant, though you did not tend it or make it grow. It sprang up overnight and died overnight. 11 And should I not have concern for the great city of Nineveh, in which there are more than a hundred and twenty thousand people who cannot tell their right hand from their left—and also many animals?

Reflections

The Assyrians were a bloodthirsty warrior race.  They showed no mercy to those who did not submit to them fully.  They skinned people, they made pyramids from their skulls and they impaled them on spikes in the ground.  It is no surprise, then, that Jonah tried to flee twice as far in the opposite direction when God told him to go a preach to the Assyrians in their capital city of Nineveh.  Although we see that the sailors in Jonah 1 are afraid of the God who stirs up the waves and masters the skies, Jonah’s condition is hidden from us.  In fact he seems resolute in his disobedience.  He knows that he must be thrown in the sea, but we have no indication that he knows a large fish is waiting to save him.  In fact, chapter 2 would lead us to believe that he was sure his life would end.  He has gratitude that results in a song, and it also overcomes his revulsion with the command of the God who saves.

But Jonah’s emotions are front and center in chapter 4.  Jonah is displeased and this leads to anger.  He knows that God is compassionate and because of this God will save the people of Nineveh.  This might be at the expense of God’s own people, Israel.  It is definitely not the kind of justice that Jonah wants to see.  Jonah wants what is right and not what is merciful.  Jonah’s anger leads to an outburst against God where God’s anger is contrasted with his own.  Whilst Jonah’s life in the book is marked by anger, God is slow to anger.  What Jonah knows about Assyria from his limited human perspective, God sees in its entirety.  If anyone knows how much Assyria should be destroyed it is God.  Knowing more of their atrocities than Jonah God chooses to stay his hand.  He is not moved by rage or by a sense of justice.  In fact God questions Jonah’s lack of submission.  God evaluates Jonah’s emotions.

At this point we see no verbal response from Jonah.  We can imagine him pouting, but the text gives us no proof of our suspicions.  We have him intently watching and hoping that God will change his mind.  Then God brings relief to Jonah.  Jonah is shielded from the scorching sun by a plant that God himself ordains.  This plant will be key to an object lesson.  The lesson is so important that it will push Jonah to the edge of despair.  Some lessons are like that.  Not only will Jonah learn how his emotional condition can reveal a wayward heart, but all subsequent generations should see something of themselves in Jonah’s response to God’s actions.

Jonah was exceedingly glad.  The plant brought him relief.  It changed his circumstances.  Many of us change our emotional state based on material circumstances.  Unlike the Apostle Paul who learned how to be content in all circumstances, most people find emotional peace in material comforts and despair when they are taken away.  Jonah’s situation has improved and naturally so have his emotions.  In this time of relative peace, though, God strips away the comfort to teach a lesson.  Jonah’s physical condition becomes desperate.  The text says that he becomes faint.  He also becomes depressed.  He wishes he was dead.

When God questions Jonah this time, Jonah answers.  When God asks Jonah about his anger, Jonah justifies himself.  God then contrasts the lives of people with the life of a plant.  God points out to Jonah that his emotions reveal a lack of proper priorities.  Jonah does not have compassion which is modeled on God, Jonah’s compassion is conditional.  Jonah wants justice more than he wants compassion.  We do not know whether Jonah responded well to God’s evaluation of his emotions, but that is not the point.  The book was written for its readers to warn them.  As we read the book we can think of our own emotions.  There are times when we will hold a grudge when God wants the hatchet buried.

Our emotions speak truths to us.  We must acknowledge that they are there so that we can assess what they are saying.  As we evaluate our emotions we can see if our emotions align with God, or whether, like Jonah, our emotions show us the truth that we are at odds with him.  Our emotions show us the condition of our heart or the unexamined thoughts that lurk beneath the surface.  Sometimes I may not be able to identify a train of thought that is working against my faith, but I can feel an emotion.  Sometimes I do not see how far from God I have wandered, but those who live with me every day can see that my emotional state has changed.  The emotions should not drive the heart, but the heart shows in the emotions.

In our culture men in particular are praised for being stoic and emotionless.  The reality, though, is that we all have emotions.  We need to give them voice.  We need to learn to name them and learn from them.  As men lead the way in emotional health they will blaze a trail for young men to be strong too.  Strong men can head into emotionally demanding situations and evaluate both the situation and the emotions.  They can then deal with difficult tasks and feelings.  This is true resilience.  We do not shelter ourselves from life’s traumas but we find the courage and the strength in God to face into them.  As the Holy Spirit leads we find our emotions become more stable, but even minor tremors in how we feel lead us further in our walk.

Questions

Complete the following observation questions:

  1. What was Jonah’s initial response to God withholding judgment from Nineveh?
  2. What emotional words are associated with Jonah throughout Jonah 4?
  3. What emotional words are associated with God?
  4. Why did Jonah try and flee to Tarshish?
  5. What question does God ask about Jonah’s emotions?
  6. Where did Jonah sit and why did he sit there?
  7. How did Jonah feel about the plant?
  8. Why did a worm eat the plant?
  9. How did Jonah feel physically after a day in the sun?
  10. What did God ask Jonah about the plant?
  11. What emotions did God tell Jonah that Jonah felt about the plant?
  12. What emotion did God feel for Nineveh?

Complete the following interpretation questions:

  1. After completing a brief search on-line describe the conduct of the ancient Assyrian armies.
  2. Was Jonah’s emotion understandable?  Why might an Israelite have reacted like Jonah did when God did not destroy Nineveh?
  3. Do you think that there was fear behind Jonah’s anger?  What fears might Jonah have had?
  4. Why does God evaluate Jonah’s anger over Nineveh?
  5. Why doesn’t Jonah respond?
  6. How did God construct an object lesson?
  7. When God teaches Jonah a lesson by constructing shade and destroying it, who is responsible for Jonah’s emotional reaction?  Is God responsible for creating the circumstances or is Jonah responsible because of how he reacts?
  8. Is God sadistic when he brings comfort for Jonah by growing a plant, only to take it away again?
  9. Why doesn’t God protect Jonah from feeling intense emotional pain?
  10. What is God’s purpose in asking Job to evaluate his emotion about the plant?
  11. How do you think that Jonah would respond to God’s questions about his emotional state?
  12. What happens to the people of Assyria, and therefore Nineveh, in the book of Nahum?

Answer these application questions:

  1. How often do you evaluate how you feel?
  2. What have you been feeling lately?
  3. Why have you felt the things that you have been feeling?
  4. What possible reactions could you have to your feelings?
  5. What ways could you grow by reacting differently to situations around you?
  6. What emotions did your family express growing up?
  7. What did their actions teach you about them?
  8. How did you learn to handle your emotions from your family and friends?
  9. What threats can evaluating our emotions bring?
  10. What benefits are there to evaluating emotions?
  11. Do you resonate with Jonah at all?  Why?  Why not?
  12. If God spoke to you about your emotions, what would he say?
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Endure Isolation and Suffering

Maybe Isolation, Not Loneliness, Shortens Life : Shots - Health ...

Ever feel isolated and in anguish?  When I lived in Japan and Pakistan I was quite isolated.  The language barrier and my geographical distance from friends and family made emotionally hard times harder.  Perhaps more painful, though, is the isolation of the way that I process and think.  Culture is moving in ways that I can not follow.  In England I was viewed with incredulity because of my faith, and in the last fifteen years I have found that America has caught up.  The majority culture of America had been firmly rooted in the morality of Judeo-Christian heritage.  Now the social norms and code of ethics are trying to adapt to pluralism in ways that eliminate Christian privilege and even view biblical truth as abusive and damaging.  I am sad when I hear of judges in California who view evangelism as child-abuse;  I see my own views on sexuality being shared by an ever-shrinking sub-group; my views that God has created the world to live for him alone, and that Jesus is the only way to know him, seem intolerant at best, but even seem hateful to some.

The biblical book of Mark was written to a group of disenfranchised followers of Jesus who were suffering in the Roman empire.  Some would face death because they refused to offer homage to Caesar as a god.  For those who embraced all gods as equal, adding Caesar as a god to their pantheon of deities might have seemed like a sure way to keep their bases covered.  In fact having Jesus, Caesar, Jupiter, and Jehovah as equals would have seemed acceptable to many.  Because Christians would not place their own God on the same plain as other gods, they were viewed with suspicion.  Suspicion grew to hostility in some cases.  Politically it became fashionable to harass and persecute those of the Christian faith.  There are parallels between the pluralistic and tolerant society of the first century and the pluralistic and tolerant society of the twenty-first society in the West.  If a faith allows for other faiths, and if a faith holds that all faiths are equal, it is tolerated or even welcomed.  In today’s world many of the children of Muslims, Jews, and Christians have reinvented their faith to fit in.  They water down their creed into a self-help guide.  God becomes a benevolent therapist who is open at all hours.  The gospel demands nothing of anyone, but offers free consultation on how to improve your marriage, develop lasting relationships, or raise moral children.  The code for living is the same in every faith, so it would seem:  Muslims, Jews, Hindus and Christians are told to honour their parents;  The majority of faith systems care for the sick and help the poor.  If the major world religions can empty themselves of their distinctives, then we can all live in peace.  Who doesn’t want world peace?  Religion, so it is argued, leads to violence and bloodshed.  What can ensure our futures is a world with religious devotion and belief which is free from God.  We are told mankind created some strange religions in the past because we were ignorant.  Now that we have access to global news and a worldwide web of information, we must surely see that Christianity, Islam, Judaism and Buddhism are too small minded to be true for all people.  Once Zoroastrianism, Jainism, Voodoo, and Shinto were often dismissed easily for their small reach.  With our wealth of knowledge we need a new religion that has the scope to encompass all, or we need to admit that no religion can encompass the varied experiences of humanity.

In the first century the new faith of Christianity seemed too small to explain reality.  It was to be shut down like a yelping puppy.  Now in this later age, the old faith that is centered on Jesus and his exclusive claim that he is the only way of salvation, seems determinedly ignorant and needs to be put out of its misery like an old sheepdog that has outlived its use.

In the church it may seem like our youth are deserting or betraying us en masse.  However, it could be said that the older generation has betrayed or deserted their youth.  Those who grew up in the seventies and eighties often chose not to have children because it would interfere with their own dreams of self-actualization.  Although we acknowledged God with our mouths, we were not devoted to him in our hearts.  We taught a simplified faith in our churches which watered down the gospel to a repetitive diet of read the Bible more, pray more, and be nice to people.  Sermons we delivered became self-help guides which were no different from the help offered by other faiths.  We lost sight of the significance of the cross of Christ.  We made the cross a get-out-of-hell free card.  Once children accepted Jesus at a church camp or Sunday school at age 8, the faith demanded no real discipleship except that we encourage others to get-out-of-hell free, too.  In society our economy shifted to make duel incomes the new norm.  Two salaries now purchase what one salary could.  So now two parents are pressured to work leaving television, computers, cell-phones and public education to raise our children.  So, have we been betrayed by our children walking away from the faith we say that we believe in?  Or, have they been betrayed by our failure to live fully for the God we say we love with all our heart, soul, mind and strength?

In Mark 14 Jesus’ disciples desert and betray him.  Jesus is shown as having the courage to endure isolation and suffering which the early Christians needed.  When Mary, Lazarus’ sister, breaks a container of expensive perfume on Jesus’ feet, Judas is disgusted at the waste.  The passage does not say that this is the final straw leading to Judas’ betrayal of Jesus, but he decides that he has had enough of Jesus and betrays him to the religious leaders of the time.  Peter stands out as the most powerful potential ally to Jesus and therefore the greatest disappointment.  Whilst all the disciples claim that they will stick with Jesus through anything, it is Peter who is most vehement concerning his loyalty.  Not long after his claims he falls asleep when Jesus is in anguish in the Garden of Gethsemane.  Finally, by the time the cock crows twice, Peter has denied Jesus three times in order to save his skin.

In contrast to the failure of the disciples, Jesus walks resolutely toward crucifixion.  The death of Jesus is no accident.  Jesus is not surprised by his isolation and betrayal, it is a part of what must come.  He is already isolated from the people and their leaders.  He is now becoming estranged from his own followers.  Finally he will become estranged from his Heavenly Father.  It is hard to walk resolutely into isolation, but it is for the glory set before him that Jesus endures the cross and its shame.

As you read through Mark 14, look at the foreknowledge of Jesus, look at Jesus’ fortitude and look at his forbearance in the face of isolation and suffering.

It was now two days before the Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread. And the chief priests and the scribes were seeking how to arrest him by stealth and kill him, for they said, “Not during the feast, lest there be an uproar from the people.”

And while he was at Bethany in the house of Simon the leper, as he was reclining at table, a woman came with an alabaster flask of ointment of pure nard, very costly, and she broke the flask and poured it over his head. There were some who said to themselves indignantly, “Why was the ointment wasted like that? For this ointment could have been sold for more than three hundred denarii and given to the poor.” And they scolded her. But Jesus said, “Leave her alone. Why do you trouble her? She has done a beautiful thing to me. For you always have the poor with you, and whenever you want, you can do good for them. But you will not always have me. She has done what she could; she has anointed my body beforehand for burial. And truly, I say to you, wherever the gospel is proclaimed in the whole world, what she has done will be told in memory of her.”

10 Then Judas Iscariot, who was one of the twelve, went to the chief priests in order to betray him to them. 11 And when they heard it, they were glad and promised to give him money. And he sought an opportunity to betray him.

12 And on the first day of Unleavened Bread, when they sacrificed the Passover lamb, his disciples said to him, “Where will you have us go and prepare for you to eat the Passover?” 13 And he sent two of his disciples and said to them, “Go into the city, and a man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him,14 and wherever he enters, say to the master of the house, ‘The Teacher says, Where is my guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?’15 And he will show you a large upper room furnished and ready; there prepare for us.” 16 And the disciples set out and went to the city and found it just as he had told them, and they prepared the Passover.

17 And when it was evening, he came with the twelve. 18 And as they were reclining at table and eating, Jesus said, “Truly, I say to you, one of you will betray me, one who is eating with me.” 19 They began to be sorrowful and to say to him one after another, “Is it I?” 20 He said to them, “It is one of the twelve, one who is dipping bread into the dish with me. 21 For the Son of Man goes as it is written of him, but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would have been better for that man if he had not been born.”

22 And as they were eating, he took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to them, and said, “Take; this is my body.” 23 And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, and they all drank of it. 24 And he said to them, “This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many. 25 Truly, I say to you, I will not drink again of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.”

26 And when they had sung a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives.27 And Jesus said to them, “You will all fall away, for it is written, ‘I will strike the shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered.’ 28 But after I am raised up, I will go before you to Galilee.” 29 Peter said to him, “Even though they all fall away, I will not.” 30 And Jesus said to him, “Truly, I tell you, this very night, before the rooster crows twice, you will deny me three times.” 31 But he said emphatically, “If I must die with you, I will not deny you.” And they all said the same.

32 And they went to a place called Gethsemane. And he said to his disciples,“Sit here while I pray.” 33 And he took with him Peter and James and John, and began to be greatly distressed and troubled. 34 And he said to them, “My soul is very sorrowful, even to death. Remain here and watch.”35 And going a little farther, he fell on the ground and prayed that, if it were possible, the hour might pass from him. 36 And he said, “Abba, Father, all things are possible for you. Remove this cup from me. Yet not what I will, but what you will.” 37 And he came and found them sleeping, and he said to Peter, “Simon, are you asleep? Could you not watch one hour? 38 Watch and pray that you may not enter into temptation. The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak.” 39 And again he went away and prayed, saying the same words. 40 And again he came and found them sleeping, for their eyes were very heavy, and they did not know what to answer him. 41 And he came the third time and said to them, “Are you still sleeping and taking your rest? It is enough; the hour has come. The Son of Man is betrayed into the hands of sinners. 42 Rise, let us be going; see, my betrayer is at hand.”

43 And immediately, while he was still speaking, Judas came, one of the twelve, and with him a crowd with swords and clubs, from the chief priests and the scribes and the elders. 44 Now the betrayer had given them a sign, saying, “The one I will kiss is the man. Seize him and lead him away under guard.” 45 And when he came, he went up to him at once and said, “Rabbi!” And he kissed him. 46 And they laid hands on him and seized him. 47 But one of those who stood by drew his sword and struck the servant of the high priest and cut off his ear. 48 And Jesus said to them, “Have you come out as against a robber, with swords and clubs to capture me? 49 Day after day I was with you in the temple teaching, and you did not seize me. But let the Scriptures be fulfilled.”50 And they all left him and fled.

51 And a young man followed him, with nothing but a linen cloth about his body. And they seized him, 52 but he left the linen cloth and ran away naked.

53 And they led Jesus to the high priest. And all the chief priests and the elders and the scribes came together. 54 And Peter had followed him at a distance,right into the courtyard of the high priest. And he was sitting with the guards and warming himself at the fire. 55 Now the chief priests and the whole council were seeking testimony against Jesus to put him to death, but they found none. 56 For many bore false witness against him, but their testimony did not agree. 57 And some stood up and bore false witness against him, saying, 58 “We heard him say, ‘I will destroy this temple that is made with hands, and in three days I will build another, not made with hands.’” 59 Yet even about this their testimony did not agree. 60 And the high priest stood up in the midst and asked Jesus, “Have you no answer to make? What is it that these men testify against you?” 61 But he remained silent and made no answer. Again the high priest asked him, “Are you the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?” 62 And Jesus said, “I am, and you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of Power, and coming with the clouds of heaven.” 63 And the high priest tore his garments and said, “What further witnesses do we need? 64 You have heard his blasphemy. What is your decision?” And they all condemned him as deserving death. 65 And some began to spit on him and to cover his face and to strike him, saying to him, “Prophesy!” And the guards received him with blows.

66 And as Peter was below in the courtyard, one of the servant girls of the high priest came, 67 and seeing Peter warming himself, she looked at him and said, “You also were with the Nazarene, Jesus.” 68 But he denied it, saying, “I neither know nor understand what you mean.” And he went out into the gateway and the rooster crowed. 69 And the servant girl saw him and began again to say to the bystanders, “This man is one of them.” 70 But again he denied it. And after a little while the bystanders again said to Peter, “Certainly you are one of them, for you are a Galilean.” 71 But he began to invoke a curse on himself and to swear, “I do not know this man of whom you speak.” 72 And immediately the rooster crowed a second time. And Peter remembered how Jesus had said to him, “Before the rooster crows twice, you will deny me three times.” And he broke down and wept.

Jesus’ foreknowledge is emphasized a number of times in the passage.  In the gospels we read many times that Jesus knew people’s hearts, he could interpret the times, he could foretell the future.  The knowledge that Jesus has is shared with his followers.  He knows that he will suffer, he knows that he will be betrayed, he knows that he will be denied.  His disciples are told all of these things.  However, Jesus also knows them.  He knows that the truth he holds is beyond the ability of his disciples to accept.  They have certain preconceived ideas of themselves.  Judas, Peter, and the others are in denial.  Judas can not accept Jesus’ truth about him because he is focused on money.  Love of money causes Judas to misinterpret the generous act of a woman who perfumes Jesus’ body, as waste rather than an act of devotion.  It is possibly love of money that motivates Judas to cash in on a failed Messiah by turning him over to the authorities.  Jesus lets Judas know the path he has chosen, but Judas walks that path anyway.  Judas may have thought he was in control of himself and his destiny, but Jesus reveals to him that greater forces are at work.  Peter also thinks that he knows himself, but Jesus knows him better.  He knows that Peter has passions which burn hot.  His emotions will lead him.  Although Peter may exhibit courage in a sword fight, when he is questioned by young girls or servants his bravery will evaporate and his passion will be to defend himself.  Was it only Peter, though, whom Jesus knew better than they knew themselves?  We are told that all the disciples made claims of their loyalty and bravery.  Jesus knew them all better than they knew themselves.

He also knew what he must endure.  He knew that he would die and be buried.  His body would be broken and his blood would be spilled.  However, rather than despair at the meaninglessness of his death, Jesus saw the significance in his suffering.  The cruelest assault on the mind is when we endure trials without understanding their purpose.  This is why Jesus’ brother James would later write that during trials, if we lack wisdom, we should ask God to give us understanding of the meaning of our trials.  There is a peace that can be known which counterbalances anguish when suffering has meaning.  Although Jesus would endure the greatest of suffering it would be related to the greatest of meaning.  His body would be broken for his followers.  His blood would be spilled for his disciples.  In the upper room Jesus took his own death and the death of the Passover lamb and showed them as being one in the same.  The Passover lamb in Exodus allowed death to pass over the Israelite people.  The absence of a sacrifice meant that death would come to  the Egyptians.  Now Jesus’ death would mean that those who follow him would be passed over by death.  Those who are disciples of Jesus will be saved from the power of death and will live with God eternally.  As Jesus foretells his own death, he also foretells his friends’ salvation.  As Jesus has every reason for heartache and anguish, he also has reason for rejoicing and thanksgiving.

If Jesus knows his own fate then he is master of his own destiny.  The cross is not a failure but a hard-won victory.  In a similar way, those who endured hardship and received this letter in the first century could know that all this was to be expected.  Hardship, isolation, and persecution were always part of God’s plan.  It is through suffering that God shows his glory.  Value is added to the actions that disciples take when they are done against resistance.  The greater the resistance, the more value is added to our actions.  God knows that resistance will come and he equips us appropriately.

I am presently watching the series Poldark with my wife.  I was so enthralled when I saw an episode of the new series that I went out and bought the series on DVD.  It took me back to the coastline of Cornwall and the history of my country of birth.  I was so homesick that I watched the whole series in two days.  The series communicates much hardship.  Life in the 18th century was hard.  Copper and tin mining in Cornwall was the major lifeblood because much of the land was hard to farm and fishing could only support those who lived in the fishing villages on the coast.  The economy in Cornwall today relies on tourism quite heavily rather than the natural resources the county has to offer.  So I was gripped by the tale of Wheal Leisure, Ross Poldark’s mine.  Would it succeed or fail?  After watching the season through once, I agreed to watch it again with my wife.  It is different the second time, though, I know how the story ends.  When there is a twist in the tale, I do not have the added dramatic tension that my wife feels.  I can be assured that the result is certain.  I know the script.

In our lives Jesus knows the script.  He is seated at the right hand of the Father and we are his disciples.  He has told us that there will be suffering, but he has let us know that in the end God wins.  In the end the world is set right-side-up and all that is meant to be will be.  That is something which escapes our view in the middle of unpleasantness or pain.  We find it hard to think that hurtful things can have purpose.  One of the most basic purposes is to change us into people who are more like Jesus.  Jesus sees us most accurately and he knows how we should be.  It runs against our pride to be told by someone else that we need to grow.  However, each one of us needs to change and most deep changes are painful.  Jesus knows who we are created to be and he will lead us through pain to become the better version of ourselves.  However, the more global reason for pain is its role in the gospel.  Jesus’ death and resurrection bring the power to set the world to rights.  The world has its own system and often resists being conformed to biblical ideals.  To work out the bigger plan of redemption sets us at odds with principalities and powers which have dominion in this dark age.  Courageous Christians will not only oppose the evils in their own lives, but they will address broader societal evils.  We can agree that sex-trafficking is evil, we can agree that poverty and ignorance must be combated but how must a Christian stand for the unborn, what kind of stand can be made against the destruction that industry brings to God’s creation?  Some people try to avoid getting too political with their faith and others use political systems to try and change the nation without changing its heart.  The truth is that the Christian must authentically live out their inner calling in their private and public lives.  Jesus is our example in this.  He was the same person in public as he was in private.  What stirred in his heart and led him to the cross, stirred the hearts of his disciples and his enemies because he lived it out in front of them.  We have courage because we know there is a plan and the same Jesus who knew his disciples knows us intimately and knows the future into which we walk blindly.

Apart from foreknowledge, we also see Jesus’ fortitude in this passage.  Fortitude is courage in pain or adversity.  Just as Jesus knew the pain he would endure, he had to have the courage to walk into it.  The passage which describes Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane is powerful.  The description of the saviour of mankind thrashing about in the dust is unnerving.  We often picture Jesus commanding illness to leave a person, we picture him calming the stormy seas and we picture him eventually being raised from the dead.  We do not picture him distressed to the point of death.  However, the depth of his distress directly correlates to the magnitude of his courage.  It takes no courage to face an enemy when the enemy brings no struggle.  When I squash the ants that invade my house they present no real threat to me.  I squash them with indifference.  It requires no courage for me to overcome an insect that is so insignificant compared to me.  Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane was facing a foe which drove him to his limits.  In fact it is hard to understand how such a foe could even exist.  Was it  Satan?  Was it the option of taking a different route than the cross?  Was Jesus scared of the physical pain of Roman scourging?  Was Jesus writhing at the thought of agony on the cross where he would be asphyxiated?  It could have been all of these, but to Jesus the most precious thing was his relationship with The Father.  However, when he was crucified he would cry out, “My God, My God!  Why have you forsaken me!?”  Maybe Jesus was just connecting himself to the suffering servant of Psalm 22 who utters the same words, but I think that in a real way God the Father could not look upon his Son as he carried the sin of the world.  The anguish that he struggled with may have been physical in part, but it was deeply emotional.  The essence of his identity was that he was the Son of God, this claim would lead to his death, but for a while the Son would lose his most essential connection in order to reconnect a lost world with its maker.  I believe that this is the reason he was writhing in the dirt.  I believe that this is the reason he wanted his friends close.  I believe this is the great suffering that demanded the greatest fortitude.  He could have walked away and chosen some ease and comfort.  He knew who was coming for him and he knew where they would look for him and Jesus had to stay where he would be found.  It was agony to stay put, but he did.  It was not easy to endure denial and betrayal, but he did.  It is a deep mystery how the Father’s justice on sin and evil could be meted out on his Son, but it was.  Jesus endured when any lesser man who was fully aware of his fate would have fled.

This was a great example to those who would endure public beatings in the first century.  Persecutions were coming.  Christians were being blamed for all kinds of public evils.  Jesus had warned that his followers would be dragged into the public arena and tortured and killed.  It was no surprise when Stephen was stoned to death or when James was beheaded.  The question was whether the followers of Jesus would show the same fortitude that he did in the Garden of Gethsemane.  Some walked away or offered the required sacrifices to Caesar.  However, the blood of many followers of Jesus provided proof to the Roman world that Jesus had really transformed lives.  Those who were not physically strong or naturally brave faced lions in the arenas.  Those who were not eloquent spoke boldly of their belief in Jesus.  Their faithfulness unto death was a reflection of the fortitude of Jesus given to them by the power of the Holy Spirit.  The same Spirit empowers true followers of Jesus today.

A long time ago I read a book of Christ-like courage that challenged my weak faith.  The book was by Richard Wurmbrand and was called Tortured for Christ.  Under the communists in Romania Richard Wurmbrand spent three years in solitary confinement.  His cell was twelve feet underground with no light or windows.  How can a man endure such isolation and suffering?  The psychological affects of solitary confinement are notorious.  People have lost their minds because of lack of human interaction.  However, Richard Wurmbrand saw this time as time alone with God.  God fortified him so that he was able to become an encouragement to others who were suffering under the communists at that time.  God’s power equipped and emboldened Richard Wurmbrand so that upon his release he was able to write down accounts of God’s goodness to him in spite of the abuses he had to endure.  A more vivid account is given in Tortured for Christ than I can give here.  However, to many people like me the life of Jesus as he suffered in the face of his tormentors is replicated in the life of modern Christians whose stories speak of their deep faith.  We would do well to learn from those who have never had the privilege of being in the majority.  We should look to those whose voices the world is trying to silence.  Richard Wurmbrand has fought to give these people a voice by founding Voice of the Martyrs.  You can read what suffering our brothers and sisters around the world endure by going to their website persecution.com.

How would your own fortitude rate?  Have you found strength in God to endure a few mocking comments at work because of your biblical views on current issues?  Have you been isolated and maybe left out of social events because you are different?  Some of us have more internal struggles. Our anguish is over our doubts that the faith in which we were raised could be really true.  Some people cope with their doubts by either pretending they don’t exist or living feeble lives that communicate a feeble faith.  The followers who walk with Jesus spend their lives actively seeking truth even when the faith leads through dark doubts.  We can not be guided by our emotions.  We must set our will in line with what we have once known in spite of present circumstances.  A weak person is blown around by circumstances.  They are unstable.  They lack the reason to have strong conclusions or live by their values.  A strong person may change their opinions when they are wrong, but they are strong enough not to cave under peer pressure.  They overcome the fashionable views in the media, but they also overcome the internal lusts and desires which tell them that they do not have what they should.  The man or woman of fortitude will be marked by their endurance.  Is our faith showing signs of wear or does it look like it will last?

Jesus’ foreknowledge should give us confidence, Jesus’ fortitude should strengthen us.  Thirdly, his forbearance should inspire us to deal with others with patience and tolerance.  He did not seem in this passage to rage at his disciples even though they tried his patience.  Even with his enemies he did not scream and shout but waited for the right moment to condemn himself.  Jesus is reasonable and composed in the face of impending failure on the part of his closest friends.  Jesus does not hate Judas and treat him cruelly when he says that it would be better if Judas had never been born.  Jesus tells him the simple truth.  Tolerance does not validate every perspective.  True tolerance treats those who disagree with us with great respect.  All people are created by God for good purposes.  When people go their own way it is unspeakably sad and we do not treat them lovingly when we tell them otherwise.  If Jesus had said to Judas, “I believe that your betrayal of me is true to your own heart.  I am glad that you are authentic and making your own path in life.  Your independent spirit will probably work out for good in the end,”  Jesus would have been a liar.  When we speak the truth to people we show them reality.  Living by falsehood is folly.  When Jesus speaks to Judas as he does he is showing him a kindness.  Jesus is not defending himself.  Jesus is not in fear for his own life.  Jesus is as patient and loving with Judas as ever he was.  Judas has chosen the darkest path possible and Jesus lets Judas know he knows.  When Judas finally realises the extent of his betrayal, he can not say he was not warned.

Jesus shows similar forbearance with Peter.  Peter is impetuous and tends to over promise. He gets rewarded for speaking bold truths and also gets rebuked when he tempts Jesus to walk a path other than crucifixion.  Jesus knows how Peter blows hot and cold, but he still loves and accepts him.  When Jesus tells Peter what is going to happen it is for his good.  We are told of a follow up conversation that Jesus has with Peter in John 21.  Peter has to realise that he is not all that he thinks he is, so Jesus is the one to tell him.  Peter’s denial marks him and gives him a profound understanding of his own weakness.  Jesus puts up with a lot from Peter, but in the end Peter will be humble enough to become the servant leader he is in the Book of Acts.

Jesus’ conduct in court means that the outcome is never in doubt.  Jesus does not lose patience with his persecutors.  He does not lose his temper.  Jesus is able to manage the situation because he shows restraint.

When I watch debates between famous atheists and believers there is often a contrast in character which I think speaks more loudly than the words going back and forth.  Although some atheists are very polite and respectful, too often the forbearance is all on one side.  The atheist has very thinly veiled contempt for the inferior intellect.  They do not show tolerance.  I believe their aim is not to win another person to their cause but to show the superiority of their arguments.  A truly tolerant person will forbear the opportunity to take a cheap shot at an opponent.  They uphold the other person’s dignity while showing the weakness in their argument.  In contrast a believer in an argument with an atheist is often careful not to argue against the person, their race, their gender, or their political allegiance.  Bill Maher is a very public example of an atheist who has little time for people of faith.  On his show he might make quips about a believer’s imaginary friend.  He has even made a movie called Religulous where he interviewed Jewish, Muslim and Christian people of faith around the world.  Film critics thought the movie was funny but it was also disrespectful, shallow and condescending.  Christian movies like God’s Not Dead might paint a shallow view of an atheist but they paint a picture that longs for redemption and relationship, not one that wishes that atheists would just realise they are idiots and shut up or go away.

The apostle Paul, in Philippians, tells us that our gentleness should be evident to all.  The word he uses there has a meaning of reasonableness.  We should have a cool head in times of conflict.  We do so by remembering that Jesus, who endured such opposition with forbearance will also empower us to do the same.  When we get angry with people we are often forgetting their value as human beings.  In The Sermon on the Mount Jesus states that all anger should be addressed because it is on the road to murder.  Isn’t that extreme?  In our anger we cease to treat the other individual as valuable.  If another individual is less than us, less than human, eventually we can dispose of them.  Killing someone becomes equivalent to taking out the trash.  How do we handle disagreement?  Do we find that our feeling of being disrespected triggers something beyond control?  What about when someone is working against us?  We may be under control at work when a rival colleague tries to impress the boss.  We know that our job is at stake if we yell at the woman in the next office.  However, what happens when we start losing at Scrabble, Monopoly or Risk?  How much is at stake?  Do we handle losing well?  If we win in an argument, a board game or at work but lose our patience we still have a lot to learn from Jesus.

In conclusion, we see in Mark 14 the character of Jesus as he struggled with anguish deep in his soul.  In contrast with those around him we see his foreknowledge, fortitude and forbearance.  These words were originally written to encourage those facing persecution in the Roman empire to endure.  With the loss of a voice in the pluralistic society in which we live, we have a lot to learn from Jesus too.  Through the Word of God we receive insight into the times in which we now live.  We can see the nature of humans and their destiny.  The Bible contains the knowledge and perspective of God.  Through the Spirit we can be strengthened so that we will endure through times of hardship.  We are never truly isolated because our God is always with us.  He gives us strength.  Finally, the tolerance of Jesus toward those with whom he greatly disagreed or who were walking dark paths gives us a lesson in how to engage with others with whom we disagree.  People have value because they are created in the image of God.  With even the most difficult people, we must affirm their value.

Endure isolation and suffering with foreknowledge, fortitude and forbearance.

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Don’t Worry

The semester is fast approaching and I am focused on family and ministry.  I am also recovering from a surgery on my nose.  There are not enough hours in the day to get all that needs to be accomplished done.  Something or someone will be neglected.  The future has great opportunities, but also great threats.  Daryl needs to be placed in either 1st or 2nd grade.  He dearly wants to go into 2nd, but his grades last year were very poor in mathematics.  Will he be a success in one grade and a failure in another?  My wife wants the house to be in order before we get back to school.  The contents of the cupboards are strewn around the house.  Will she be able to write the script for Candlelight Carols, the Christmas program of Moody Bible Institute?  Will we be able to coordinate the recording of an audio book?  In the background of my life is the general anxiety that something important is going to be left undone.

This is where the words of Jesus pull me up short, “Do not worry … ”  How can he say such a thing?

In Matthew 6, Jesus says

19 “Do not lay up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy and where thieves break in and steal, 20 but lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust destroys and where thieves do not break in and steal. 21 For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also.

22 “The eye is the lamp of the body. So, if your eye is healthy, your whole body will be full of light, 23 but if your eye is bad, your whole body will be full of darkness. If then the light in you is darkness, how great is the darkness!

24 “No one can serve two masters, for either he will hate the one and love the other, or he will be devoted to the one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and money.

25 “Therefore I tell you, do not be anxious about your life, what you will eat or what you will drink, nor about your body, what you will put on. Is not life more than food, and the body more than clothing? 26 Look at the birds of the air: they neither sow nor reap nor gather into barns, and yet your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not of more value than they? 27 And which of you by being anxious can add a single hour to his span of life?28 And why are you anxious about clothing? Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow: they neither toil nor spin, 29 yet I tell you, even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. 30 But if God so clothes the grass of the field, which today is alive and tomorrow is thrown into the oven, will he not much more clothe you, O you of little faith? 31 Therefore do not be anxious, saying, ‘What shall we eat?’ or ‘What shall we drink?’ or ‘What shall we wear?’ 32 For the Gentiles seek after all these things, and your heavenly Father knows that you need them all. 33 But seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things will be added to you.

34 “Therefore do not be anxious about tomorrow, for tomorrow will be anxious for itself. Sufficient for the day is its own trouble.

Reflections

The Sermon on the Mount lays out two paths.  The correct path is one that is lived for God and him only.  The second path is one that is lived for ‘not God’.  Anything that is our ultimate goal – money, prestige, comfort – that is not God is a wrong way to live.  We rationalize and justify why our thoughts are consumed with the pursuit of financial security, paying the bills, taking care of our families, or obtaining educational success.  The truth is, though, that if anything leads us away from a focus on God we have made the most fundamental of mistakes.  In The Sermon on the Mount Jesus’ focus is on the heart.  It is not the seat of emotion that modern pop-songs are obsessed with.  It is the seat of the will, our decision making function.  At the core of my being I have a free will which can choose one thing over another.  The essence of what it means to be human is marked by my ability to choose one thing over another.  Jesus’ primary concern is not that we feel great about God, it is that we choose God.  Like all of the quizzes we give ourselves about, “if you could choose one thing, what would it be?”  Jesus does not allow a plurality of answers.  Choosing my wife, my children, my car, my house, or even my Bible before God means to have chosen wrongly.  There is no compromise.  In our modern consumer society this is really radical.  We are sold a god who gives us what we want and fulfills our own dreams.  We are rarely presented with a God who asks for our complete surrender – a God around whom we orient our whole lives.

A good gauge for how we are doing in the Kingdom of God is to think about what we see.  We choose to focus on what our eyes see.  The passage above compares the eyes to a lamp which lights up a darkened path.  When the path leads to the God who is light the disciple receives more light to guide them in how they should live.  However, if a person pursues darkness, eventually the eyes cease to be any kind of helpful and discerning influence.  We slavishly allow the darkness around us to permeate us to the core.  It is a terrible course of events, but it is all to common.

Most people do not focus on darkness, though.  They try and maintain multiple options.  they divide their time between material gain, spiritual health, physical health, and the responsibilities of life.  If all of these are maintained with balance it sounds wise to the 21st century mind.  The Bible says, though, that trying to hold all these things in tension will just result in failure. God is not a responsibility to be balanced with others – he is the goal of life to be pursued without compromise.

When we try and have it all in a balanced life, we become anxious.  We create the illusion that we are in control and that illusion must be preserved to maintain the related illusions of safety and security based in our own actions.  However, Jesus points out that the future, about which we fret so much, is not within our control.  The present in which we live is our only real environment.  When we travel along the time-line of our lives and reach the future it is no longer the future but becomes part of the present.  If we make wise choices in the present, the future will be taken care of.  The only real choice of primary importance for today is, “Did I choose God?”  If the answer is yes, the future is in his hands.  He makes our paths straight and he cares for us.  He cares for us with greater attentiveness than he maintains the beautiful flowers in creation or the plentiful birds of the air.  If God looks after pigeons and causes roses to be fragrant and beautiful, won’t he do more for his own children?  The sad response of many followers of God is to respond to life’s hurt and pain by protecting themselves.  They trust God, but they also create a contingency plan just in case God doesn’t come through.  God’s requirement that his followers be ‘all in’ seems a little too unrealistic to some of his own followers.

Are You Worried Sick? 4 Questions to Curb Worry - Anxiety - Sharecare

Jesus says that if you are ‘all in’ God will take care of the details.  Even important things like family and finances will be taken care of.  They are taken care of not necessarily in the way that we would choose but in the way that is best for us.  Sometimes less is more in the kingdom of God.  If less security and possessions hones our focus on God we have gained the greatest treasure that moth and rust can not destroy.  For the Christian their greatest treasure is God himself.  The relationship we cultivate with God surpasses all other relationships.  God maintains and is faithful in his relationship with us.  There is nothing to worry about because our ultimate treasure is managed by God.  God manages himself perfectly.  We can not control him so there is no threat related to the decisions we make.  We can not lose him, so there is no threat to our safety and security.  Ultimately fear for our own lives loses its power.  If we lose our lives we gain the life with God that we have always dreamed of – uncorrupted.

Questions

Complete the following observation questions:

  1. What are the two locations where treasure can be stored?
  2. Where does Jesus tell his followers their heart will be?
  3. What is the eye called by Jesus?
  4. What are the consequences of healthy and unhealthy eyes?
  5. What can no-one serve?  Why?
  6. About what should a person not be anxious?
  7. What is more than food?
  8. What does Jesus say about the birds of the air?
  9. What does Jesus say about the lilies of the field?
  10. Who seeks after food and clothing?
  11. What must be sought first?
  12. Why should we not be anxious about tomorrow?

Answer the following interpretation questions

  1. What larger sermon is the context for this passage?
  2. What is the over all message of the entire sermon?  How does this passage fit into the context?
  3. How does a life lived for God contrast with a life lived for self when it comes to material wealth and worry?
  4. About what things in life might an ancient Israelite be anxious?  How does that compare to today?
  5. How is an eye like a lamp?  How does it relate to the path a life will take?
  6. In the west in the 21st century we tend to think of the heart as a romantic seat of emotion.  Jesus does not use ‘heart’ in that way.  How is his talk of the heart the same or different from ours?
  7. Why is it impossible to serve two masters?  What ultimate goals would ancient people pursue other than God or money?
  8. How is hard work approached in the passage?  How are hard work and anxiety related?
  9. Why are Gentiles an example of what not to do?
  10. How is anxiety related to a person’s priorities?
  11. How is anxiety connected to a lack of faith?
  12. Is anxiety concerned with the past, present, or the future?

Answer the following application questions:

  1. When people become Christians in the 21st century does Jesus become the absolute authority in their life?
  2. Who or what count as authorities in the life of a 21st century person?
  3. What is the attitude of the Christians that you know to worry?
  4. What is the attitude of Christians that you know to possessions, like their phone or their clothes?
  5. How should a young person plan for retirement?  Should they invest in a 401k retirement plan, for example?
  6. On what possessions does society today place a high value?
  7. What kind of future do you want?
  8. What kind of future does God want for you?
  9. Is there anything in your past that you think might ruin your future?
  10. What are you anxious about?
  11. How can anxiety ruin a life?
  12. How can God set you free from anxiety?  Do you really believe that God leads to healing from anxiety and worry?
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